Anastasia Spartiati

and 4 more

Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, worldwide. Little information is available for the temporal trends of cancer in the Mediterranean region, including Cyprus. We aimed to analyze cancer incidence trends overall and by sex for the period 2004-2017 regarding the five most common cancer sites for the population of Cyprus. Data were obtained from the nationwide cancer registry dataset that included 27,017 total cancer cases in Cyprus (2004-2017). We estimated the crude, sex-, and age-specific, as well as age-standardized (ASR) cancer incidence rates and we analyzed the time trends of ASR using the joinpoint regression program. For the general population (0-85+ years of age), the most common cancer sites in descending order, were breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, and thyroid cancer. During the study period, breast and thyroid cancer ASR presented a significantly increasing temporal trend. Lung cancer ASRs seemed to stabilize (no increase or decrease) during the more recent years (2009 onwards) for both sexes; a similar pattern was observed for colorectal cancer in males. The ASRs of prostate cancer in men were in steady decline from 2012 onwards and the same was observed for the female ASRs of colorectal cancer from 2007 onwards. The colorectal cancer ASR temporal patterns overall, during the whole study period appeared unchanged. This temporal analysis would feed into cancer surveillance and control programs that focus on prevention, early detection, and treatment, particularly for cancer sites of higher mortality rates or those with temporally increasing trends.

Loizos Loizou

and 6 more

Background: Pediatric and adolescent thyroid cancer (PATC) incidence rates (IR) are increasing in many countries. We determined IRs, temporal trends and survival from PATC diagnosed in Cyprus during 1998-2017. Procedure: Patients aged 0-19 years, diagnosed with PATC in the Pediatric Oncology Registry of Cyprus were included. Crude IR (cIR), age standardized rates (ASRW), time trends and overall survival were analysed. Annual IRs and temporal trends were calculated using Microsoft Excel 2016 and Joinpoint Regression analysis. Results: Eighty-one cases (76.5% female, 23.5% male) were identified. The cIR (per 100 000 persons) were for both sexes 2.00 (95% CI 1.61, 2.49), females 3.15 (95% CI 2.45, 4.03) and males 0.92 (95% CI 0.58, 1.44). The annual percentage changes (APC) for cIR and ASRW were 7.5% (p < 0.05) and 7.6% (p < 0.05). The APC of cIR were for females 5.1%, males 8.4% and 15-19-year-olds 7.6%. The female to male RR (rate ratio) was 3.42 (95% CI 2.06, 5.74). The papillary carcinoma (PTC) represented 86.4% of all cases. The RR of 2nd (2008-2017) to 1st (1998-2007) periods for metastatic (regional) stages was 3.76 (95% CI 1.74, 8.31). Survival until 2018 was 100%. Conclusion: This population-based study demonstrated that IR in 0-19-year-olds was among the highest reported. Increasing time trends mainly affected both males and females aged 15-19 years with PTC, the dominant type. Increase of metastatic cases suggests a true increase of thyroid carcinogenesis rather than overdiagnosis. Although prognosis is excellent, rising IR is unexplained, indicating the need to identify causal factors.