Conclusions
Neonates born via vaginal delivery exhibited higher diversity but lower dominant bacterial abundancy in the gut microbiome compared to those born via cesarean delivery. The dominant genus in neonates’ gut microbiomes was Bifidobacterium, with a statistically significant higher abundance observed in infants born via cesarean delivery. Many evidence suggest that gut microbiome can influence future health, this highlights the careful consideration of route of delivery that may affect individual well-being in the future. Moreover, our findings are fundamental to future investigation on replenishing neonatal gut microbiome in neonates born by cesarean section.