6 months (n= 29) 6 months (n= 29) 9 months (n=29) 9 months (n=29) 12 months (n=29) 12 months (n=29)
Reported Reported Observed Reported Observed Reported Observed
Child’s actions Child’s actions
Interest in food Interest in food
Interested Interested 29 27 29 25 29 23
Not interested Not interested 0 2 0 4 0 5
Self-feeding Self-feeding
Self-feeding attempt Self-feeding attempt 0 0 4 0 10 13
Mothers’ actions Mothers’ actions
Strategies to encourage the child to eat Strategies to encourage the child to eat
Verbal encouragement Verbal encouragement 17 1 22 13 23 14
Modeling eating/swallowing Modeling eating/swallowing 7 8 2 5 0 0
Encouragement of self-feeding Encouragement of self-feeding
Allow/support the child to self-feed Allow/support the child to self-feed 0 0 7 0 12 13
Social actions Social actions
Smiling/laughing Smiling/laughing 9 8 11 10 12 13
Talking but not about food (calling the child, naming things, asking a question) Talking but not about food (calling the child, naming things, asking a question) 0 0 9 6 11 8
Violent behaviors Force feeding by threating verbalization or physical force Violent behaviors Force feeding by threating verbalization or physical force
0
2
0
3
0
3