5. Conclusions and Prospects
In summary, MPTT is a new type of treatment that converts light into mild heat for therapeutic effects. Compared with traditional radiation therapy and chemical drugs, MPTT has attracted much attention in the medical field because of its advantages such as less trauma, fewer side effects, and precise positioning. MPTT uses NIR light absorption capacity of nanomaterials and the local thermal effect generated after absorption for treatment. Through the selective aggregation of nanomaterials in tumor tissue, combined with the appropriate wavelength of light irradiation, the nanomaterials will produce photothermal effect, so as to increase the local temperature of lesion tissue, so as to achieve the purpose of treatment. In MPTT, PTAs are the core to achieve the photothermal effect. Common nanomaterials include Au NPs, graphene, carbon nanotubes have good optical properties and biocompatibility, have high PCE and exist stably in vivo. By adjusting the properties of nanomaterials and the parameters of light exposure, selective destruction of tumor tissue can be achieved while maximizing protection of surrounding normal tissue. In addition, MPTT can also be combined with other treatments, such as chemical drugs, radiation therapy, etc., to achieve a synergistic therapeutic effect. So far, some early clinical trials have shown that MPTT has good safety and efficacy in tumor treatment. With the continuous development of nanomaterials technology and the promotion of clinical applications, MPTT is expected to become one of the important means of cancer treatment in the future. However, MPTT is still in its infancy and further basic research and clinical validation are still needed. There is still a need to strengthen the in-depth study of its mechanism, optimize treatment options, and address related safety and biological issues. As an innovative therapeutic method, MPTT has great potential and application prospect. However, we still need to be cautious and continue to conduct further studies to ensure its safety and efficacy. With the continuous development of technology and the advancement of clinical practice, it is believed that MPTT will bring better treatment results for cancer patients and improve their quality of life.