Figure 2. Regarding pediatric AML patients with EMI at initial diagnosis, event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients underwent SCT or not (A, B); EFS and OS of patients underwent GO treatment or not (C, D).
Univariate and multivariate analysis of impact factors for prognosis
In accordance with univariate analysis, apart from the EMI at diagnosis, thirteen factors (Table 3), were considered as covariates in the Cox models due to their potential to impact the prognosis of pediatric AML patients. These factors encompassed age ≤2 years, WBC ≥100×109/L, t(8;21), inv(16), del5q/del7q/-5/-7, trisomy 8/trisomy 21, minus X/minus Y, CEBPA +, FLT3 ITD-/NPM1+ , FLT3 ITD+ , WT1+ , KMT2A rearrangements, NUP98 fusion, SCT and GO treatment. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that EMI at diagnosis emerged as an independent prognostic risk factor for both shorter OS (HR 1.425, 95% CI 1.033-1.964, p=0.0307) and EFS (HR 1.672, 95% CI 1.283-2.179, p=0.0001). Furthermore, WBC ≥100×109/L, WT1+ , and del5q/del7q/-5/-7 were identified as independent predictors of poorer outcomes. Conversely, the remaining five factors, including t(8;21), inv(16), CEBPA+ , FLT3 ITD-/NPM1+ , and SCT, were associated with improved survival (Table 3).
Table 3. Univariate and multivariate analysis of OS and EFS in pediatric AML patients.