Methods
This study was exempt from IRB review by the New York Medical College
Institutional Review Board under federal guidelines 45CFR46.104, section
4ii, as the data was de-identified, and the investigators did not
contact or re-identify the subjects. A retrospective data extraction of
all children with a diagnosis of asthma who underwent complete pulmonary
function tests (PFTs) over a 5-year period (January 2014 to January
2019) from the Pediatric Pulmonary Function Laboratory at Maria Fareri
Children’s Hospital at Westchester Medical Center was performed, and
subsequently, a review of individual clinical records was conducted.
Patients were selected if they met the following inclusion criteria: age
5 and older, physician-defined persistent asthma, documented ongoing
symptoms within the past year, and on treatment with an asthma
controller. Patients were excluded if they had any diagnoses other than
asthma that might affect pulmonary function; or had acute symptoms at
the time of the PFTs. After deidentification, demographic data and all
pulmonary function data, before and after inhaled albuterol, were
extracted from the most recent pulmonary function test performed by each
patient. FEV1 and FVC, expressed as % of predicted
values, were recalculated with the 2022 GLI global reference
equations11Bowerman C, Bhakta NR, Brazzale D, Cooper BR, Cooper
J, Gochicoa-Rangel L, Haynes J, Kaminsky DA, Lan LTT, Masekela R,
McCormack MC, Steenbruggen I, Stanojevic S. A Race-neutral Approach to
the Interpretation of Lung Function Measurements. Am J Respir Crit
Care Med. 2023 Mar 15;207(6):768-774.. Lung volumes and specific
airway conductance (sGaw) were estimated with whole body
plethysmography22Dubois AB, Botelho SY, Comroe JH Jr. A new
method for measuring airway resistance in man using a body
plethysmograph: values in normal subjects and in patients with
respiratory disease. J Clin Invest. 1956 Mar;35(3):327-35.. Total
Lung Capacity (TLC) and Residual Volume (RV) are expressed as % of
predicted as determined by standard reference equations33Zapletal
A, Chalupová J, Kucera J. Lung volumes in healthy children and
adolescents: methods, reference values. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 1995
Feb;50(1):6-18.,44Zapletal A, Šamánek
M, Paul T. Lung Function in Children and Adolescents. Methods,
reference values. Progress in Respiratory Research, Vol. 22, Basel:
Karger, 1987.,55Stocks J, Quanjer PH.
Reference values for residual volume, functional residual capacity and
total lung capacity. ATS Workshop on Lung Volume Measurements.
Official Statement of The European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J.
1995 Mar;8(3):492-506..