Variables |
Yes (n=6) |
No (n=170) |
p value
(OR) |
Age, years, median (IQR) |
77.5 (33) |
69 (26) |
0.1 |
Gender, male, n (%) |
5 (83.3) |
76 (44.7) |
0.06 |
Duration of hospitalisation (days), median (IQR) |
9 (14.5) |
10 (9.3) |
0.9 |
Comorbidities, n (%) |
|
|
|
Diabetes mellitus |
2 (33.3) |
54 (31.8) |
0.9 |
Hypertension |
3 (50) |
99/168 (59) |
0.7 |
Coronary heart disease |
4 (66.7) |
34/168 (20.2) |
0.007
(7.3) |
Chronic renal failure |
1 (16.7) |
23 (13.5) |
0.8 |
Chronic obstructive lung disease |
2 (33.3) |
26/168 (15.5) |
0.2 |
Malignancy |
2 (33.3) |
12 (7) |
0.02
(5.5) |
Vaccination history |
1/4 (25) |
48/102 (47) |
0.4 |
Disease severity, n (%) |
|
|
|
NIH score 3 (severe) |
0 |
82 (48.2) |
0.02
(5.4) |
NIH score 4 (critical) |
6 (100) |
88 (51.8) |
|
Vaccination history, median (IQR) |
|
2 (1) |
0.5 |
mcHIS score, median (IQR) |
4.5 (1.25) |
3 (2) |
0.02 |
Laboratory results |
|
|
|
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, median (IQR) |
4 (6) |
5.9 (6.8) |
0.6 |
Hemoglobin (g/L), mean±SD |
12.8±1.3 |
13.3±2.2 |
0.5 |
Creatinine (mg/dL), median (IQR) |
1 (0.66) |
0.87 (0.54) |
0.5 |
Prokalsitonin (pg/dL), median (IQR) |
NA |
0.18 (0.44) |
NA |
C-reactive protein (mg/L), median (IQR) |
|
|
|
1 |
129 (164) |
107 (117) |
0.6 |
2 |
144.8 (74) |
138.6 (110) |
0.043 |
3 |
207.6 (80) |
11.5 (80) |
0.003 |
Ferritin (pg/mL), median (IQR) |
|
|
|
1 |
NA |
331 (545) |
NA |
2 |
1001 (761) |
542 (848) |
0.096 |
3 |
1001 (687) |
333 (483) |
0.009 |
D-dimer (pg/mL), median (IQR) |
|
|
|
1 |
NA |
1.2 (1.1) |
NA |
2 |
27.3 (32.1) |
2.7 (8.6) |
0.03 |
3 |
27.3 (33) |
1.2 (2.8) |
0.005 |
Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L), median (IQR) |
|
|
|
1 |
390 (97) |
399 (206) |
0.8 |
2 |
998 (759) |
488 (278) |
0.004 |
3 |
582.5 (684) |
355 (172) |
0.016 |
Outcomes, n (%) |
|
|
|
Severe infection |
3 (50) |
35/164 (21.3) |
0.1 |
Pneumothorax |
0 |
2/168 (1.2) |
0.8 |
Treatment |
|
|
|
Anakinra |
0 |
88 (100) |
0.013 (6.2) |
SoC |
6 (6.8) |
82 (93.2) |
|
ICU requirement |
4 (66.7) |
53 (31.2) |
0.07 |
Mortality |
6 (100) |
49 (28.8) |
<0.001
(13.7) |