[Figure 9]

3.4 Driving mechanism of terrestrial ecosystem health and urbanization

In this section, the relationship between UI, EHI and the other 9 variables were explored (Fig 10). It confirmed that EHI was positively correlated with precipitation (pre), temperature (tmp) and slope (sp), while UI was significantly and positively correlated with pop density (PD), annual electricity consumption (EC), the proportion of construction land area (PCL) and gross domestic product (GDP). Moreover, strong correlations among the variables existed. For instance, the correlation coefficients for pre and tmp, GDP and EC, DEM and sp, were high, exceeding 0.6. However, significant negative correlations were presented among some drivers, such as DEM and pre, DEM and tmp. Additionally, UI and EHI were negatively correlated, with a value of -0.1.