Sequence analysis of theSpike, nsp12 (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase), nsp3 (PLpro),and nsp5 (3CLpro) genes reveals a distinct evolutionary pattern
of SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating in Yogyakarta and Central Java
provinces, Indonesia
Mohamad Saifudin Hakim1,*, Gunadi2,
Ayu Rahayu1, Hendra Wibawa3, Laudria
Stella Eryvinka2, Endah Supriyati4,
Khanza Adzkia Vujira2, Kristy
Iskandar5, Afiahayati6, Edwin
Widyanto Daniwijaya1, Farida Nur
Oktoviani1, Luthvia Annisa1, Fadila
Dyah Trie Utami2, Verrell Christopher
Amadeus2, Setiani Silvy Nurhidayah2,
Tiara Putri Leksono2, Fiqih Vidiantoro
Halim2, Eggi Arguni7, Titik
Nuryastuti1, Tri Wibawa1
1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and
Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2 Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery and Genetics Working
Group/Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health
and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3 Disease Investigation Center Wates-Yogyakarta, Directorate General of
Livestok Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Indonesia
4 Centre for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and
Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
5 Department of Child Health and Genetics Working Group, Faculty of
Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/UGM
Academic Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
6 Department of Computer Science and Electronics, Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
7 Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and
Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia