Box 1. SI-Resource model Susceptible (S) and infected hosts (I) are foraging on available resources (R), while resources grow logistically. Hosts require resources to reproduce, determined by the conversion efficiency (e, births per unit of resource) and foraging rate (fM). From our meta-analysis results, limited resources affected host reproduction (decreased fecundity) of both susceptible and infected hosts. However, infected hosts reproduce at a lower rate than susceptible hosts (ρ, relative fecundity of I compared to S). Hosts die at a background death rate (d), but infected hosts have increased mortality due to the pathogen (ν, virulence). Hosts become infected at a transmission rate (βM). To determine how fast traits rise with resource availability, we use half saturation reproduction constant (hr) and half saturation transmission constant (ht) as part of type II functional response. The latter increases as hosts are more sensitive to resource availability. Resources grow at a growth rate (r) and have a carrying capacity (K). Parameters used in our simulations: e = 0.5, fM = 0.1, ρ = 0.25, d = 0.01, ν = 0.04, βM = 0.01, hr = 4, ht = varies (0, 1, 2, 4, 8), r = 1, K = 10.