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\begin{document}

\title{Strain signals governed by frictional-elastoplastic interaction of the
upper plate and shallow subduction megathrust interface over seismic
cycles}



\author[1,1]{Ehsan Kosari}%
\author[2,2]{Matthias Rosenau}%
\author[3,3]{Onno Oncken}%
\affil[1]{Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}%
\affil[2]{Helmholtz Center Potsdam - GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences}%
\affil[3]{GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam}%


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  \date{June 14, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Understanding the behavior of the shallow portion of the subduction
zone, which generates the largest earthquakes and devastating tsunamis,
is a vital step forward in earthquake geoscience. Monitoring only a
fraction of a single megathrust earthquake cycle and the offshore
location of the source of these earthquakes are the foremost reasons for
the insufficient understanding. The frictional-elastoplastic interaction
between the interface and its overlying wedge causes variable surface
strain signals such that the wedge strain patterns may reveal the
mechanical state of the interface. We employ Seismotectonic Scale
Modeling and simplify elastoplastic megathrust subduction, generate
hundreds of analog seismic cycles at laboratory scale, and monitor the
surface strain signals over the model's forearc over high to low
temporal resolutions. We establish two coseismically compressional and
extensional wedge configurations to explore the mechanical and kinematic
interaction between the shallow wedge and the interface. Our results
demonstrate that this interaction can partition the wedge into different
segments such that the anlastic extensional segment overlays the
seismogenic zone at depth. Moreover, the different segments of the wedge
may switch their state from compression/extension to
extension/compression domains. We highlight that a more segmented upper
plate represents megathrust subduction that generates more
characteristic and periodic events. Additionally, the strain time series
reveals that the strain state may remain quasi-stable over a few seismic
cycles in the coastal zone and then switch to the opposite mode. These
observations are crucial for evaluating earthquake-related
morphotectonic markers (i.e., marine terraces) and short-term
interseismic GPS time-series onshore (coastal region).%
\end{abstract}%



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