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\begin{document}

\title{Biomass Storage in Anoxic Marine Basins: Initial estimates of
geochemical impacts and CO2 sequestration capacity}



\author[1]{Morgan Reed Raven}%
\author[1]{Molly Crotteau}%
\author[2]{Natalya Evans}%
\author[2]{Zephyr C Girard}%
\author[2]{Aaron Martinez}%
\author[2]{Izzy S Young}%
\author[3]{David L Valentine}%
\affil[1]{University of California, Santa Barbara}%
\affil[2]{University of California Santa Barbara}%
\affil[3]{UC Santa Barbara}%


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  \date{May 24, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
In combination with dramatic and immediate CO\textsubscript{2} emissions
reductions, net-negative atmospheric CO\textsubscript{2} removal (CDR)
is necessary to maintain average global temperature increases below 2.0
\selectlanguage{ngerman}°C. Many proposed CDR pathways involve the placement of vast quantities
of organic carbon (biomass) on the seafloor in some form, but little is
known about their potential biogeochemical impacts, especially at scales
relevant for global climate. Here, we evaluate the potential impacts and
durability of organic carbon storage specifically within deep anoxic
basins, where organic matter is remineralized through anaerobic
processes that may enhance its storage efficiency. We present simple
biogeochemical and mixing models to quantify the scale of potential
impacts of large-scale organic matter addition to the abyssal seafloor
in the Black Sea, Cariaco Basin, and the hypersaline Orca Basin. These
calculations reveal that the Black Sea in particular may have the
potential to accept biomass storage at climatically relevant scales with
moderate changes to the geochemical state of abyssal water and limited
communication of that impact to surface water. Still, all of these
systems would require extensive further evaluation prior to
consideration of megatonne-scale CO\textsubscript{2} sequestration. Many
key unknowns remain, including the partitioning of breakdown among
sulfate-reducing and methanogenic metabolisms and the fate of methane in
the environment. Given the urgency of responsible CDR development and
the potential for anoxic basins to reduce ecological risks to animal
communities, efforts to address knowledge gaps related to microbial
kinetics, benthic processes, and physical mixing in these systems are
critically needed.%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



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