Regional residential segregation
Numerous measures of residential segregation are aligned with the
various dimensions of segregation. We explored the relationship between
a measure of concentration calculated from a Gaussian kernel smoothing
of ethnoracial composition at the census tract level within counties.
Analyses were stratified by census regions (Figure 2 ).
Residential segregation measures varied substantially by subgroup, with
the smallest range of values for Asian people and the largest range for
white people. In New England, we observed a roughly monotonic increase
in the number of CDDs with higher concentrations of Asian and Latino
people. The relationship was non-monotonic for Black people, with an
increase until an inflection point, and then fewer CDDs in the highest
concentration tracts. In the mid-Atlantic, higher concentrations of
Black and Latino people were associated with higher CDDs. In the South
Atlantic, a non-monotonic relationship was apparent for Black people,
with concentrations of 25%–75% Black having higher CDDs, and
confidence intervals >90% crossing zero, meaning that the
most segregated areas for Black people were no different than their
county average. A positive association was roughly monotonic for Latino
people. While non-monotonic in the South Atlantic, negative associations
were apparent in all three regions with high concentrations of white
people. There was some heterogeneity in the shape of the associations
based on analyses by state (Figures S2–S4 ).