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\begin{document}

\title{Abnormal volume transport in the Banda Sea: a causal analysis by box
model}



\author[1]{Yiwei Zhang}%
\author[1]{Grant Robert Bigg}%
\affil[1]{University of Sheffield}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 17, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
As one of the deepest basins over the Indonesian Seas, the Banda Sea is
strongly involved in the thermohaline circulation component of the
Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). Here, a shift of transport stratification
in the Banda Sea has been found between depths of \textasciitilde{}500
to 2700 m, with the vertical pattern of the transport changed from a
two-component vertical structure of southward-northward during 1980 to
1992, to a three-component northward-southward-northward during 1993 to
2000. Therefore, the vertical distribution of the Banda Sea transport
was then separated into three layers. To investigate possible reasons
for this event, an ideal thermohaline circulation box model has been
used to simulate the Banda basin. Extensive simulations are designed to
test the model response for different upstream water sources. The
results show that except for layer 1, the two deeper layers both show a
prolonged effect after the cessation of changes to the input water
sources. The results suggests the shift could result from a relatively
short-term increase in the water source from the South China Sea or the
South Pacific to layer 3, leading to an increase of southward transport.
In layer 2, the model produced an increase in water flow to the north
and vertically to both upper and lower layers. In the light of these
model results, the reanalysis data was examined further -- it is
consistent with more water from the South Pacific entering the Banda Sea
via the Lifamatola Strait in layer 3 during 1993 to 1996.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

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