Conclusions
The risk of postoperative stroke after single stage CVS and CEA progressively decreased over the years in our experience. The development of postoperative stroke showed to have a strong impact on mortality which, however, was very close to the lower limit of the rate reported in the literature. Considering that stroke rate and mortality was not non-inferior to isolated CVS, we consider that single stage approach to concomitant coronary artery, and/or valve disease, and extra-cranial severe carotid stenosis is our operation of choice in such selected high-risk patients.