Cardiac examination
To determine DIC, cardiologists performed echocardiographic examinations and electrocardiographic recordings. The patients were evaluated for cardiovascular disease at entry (baseline), 3, 6 and 12 months during the study. The echocardiogram was done in the University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences (UZCHS) Department of Medicine and the results were made available to the treating physician. Additional information, such as BMI, cumulative dose of doxorubicin, co-medications and physical performance of the patients were recorded using a questionnaire. The endpoint were; cardiac dysfunction, as diagnosed by the cardiologist or Left ventricular ejection fraction reduction of more than 10% from baseline 60%.