Acknowledgments
This project was supported in part by a Western SARE “Research and Education” grant (#SW17-077) to PI Theresa L. Pitts-Singer. We thank Byron Love, Jim Cane, William Alston, Mary-Kate Williams and Craig Huntzinger for their field work efforts in Utah and Idaho and Lindsie McCabe for sharing knowledge about the history of Osmia in agriculture in the U.S. We also thank Steve Peterson of Foothill Bee Ranch for sharing specimens and knowledge about O. lignaria for this study. The United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. The mention of commercial products and organizations in this manuscript is solely to provide specific information. It does not constitute an endorsement by USDA-ARS over other products and organizations not mentioned.