When analysing individual seasons (months) with the Mann-Kendall trend test, there were no significant differences in the monthly trends, but there were significant shifts (p<0.001) in the central trend, corresponding to April 2018 (k=16) for diameter, mean number of neighbours, and shortest path according to Pettit’s test (Fig. 5).
Three parishes shared the highest value of in-degree and out-degree centrality (Santo Domingo, Saquisili and Guaranda). The 21 most influential parishes (top 2% degree) accounted for 53.73% of the movements in Ecuador. The parishes with the highest balance (Marcabeli, Balsas, San Andres and Puerto Limon) accounted for -47.44% (SI 3). It is possible to visualise the parishes of Marcabeli and Balsas in the southwestern part of the country near the Peru border with a balance of -8,300 (Fig. 6A). Parishes without pig movements in gray are especially visible in 18 parishes concentrated in the Amazon rainforest (east on map), and 77 are distributed in the other regions of the country. The degree on a colour scale showed the highest value in Santo Domingo parish at the western centre of the country. The distribution of cases of CSF all around the country represents the endemic situation well; note that the higher degree concentration is also related to high concentration of cases, especially in the Andean zone (strip from north to south) Fig. 6B.
Figure 6. Map representing the study area showing the degree and cases of CSF in Ecuador (2017–2019). The gray polygonal lines are the boundaries of the parishes, the darker gray the boundaries of provinces. (A) Representing the parish balance between the ingoing and outgoing movements. (B) Representing the aggregated parish degree and the red dots representing the location of CSF outbreaks. The network of parishes contains 1,032 vertices (parishes) and 751,003 edges (movements). Parishes without movements as NA.