Complications of Swartz sheath support approach for DGCV-AIV VAs
Of note, a relative higher rate of cardiac vein dissection and rupture was observed in SS approach. We speculated that while SS approach application provided a better backup for catheter manipulation, it also increased the contract force of catheter tip to the coronary vein, contributing a higher incidence of coronary vein damage.
In our study, coronary injury was found in both groups. Though the safe distance from the catheter tip to the adjacent coronary artery has been demonstrated by coronary angiography, coronary injury is still a potential complication, which could not be neglected.