Fig. 1. The Book of Health in the new era. This figure shows the relationship among “Healthy Essential 5” (Environment-Sleep-Emotion-Exercise-Diet), “The Five Elements” (Metal or Gold, Wood, Water, Fire, and Earth), and “The Five Viscera” (Lung, Kidney, Liver, Heart, and Spleen) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). They interact and influence each other, and highly link to infectious diseases (IDs) due to changing human immunity and major non-communicable diseases (mNCDs), such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, cancer, depression and anxiety, stroke, dementia or Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, we can easily develop a novel treatment for both IDs and mNCDs by modification of lifestyle and these Essentials or Elements. For example, due to improvement of human immunity, the magic “polypill”, that is E(e)SEEDi, is just like “a dual-effects vaccine” for treatment and prevention of human disease, including IDs and mNCDs. It can also help the recovery of patients with COVID-19 or individuals with the infection of SARS-CoV-2, control and prevent CVD, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cancer, depression and anxiety, stroke, dementia or AD by healthy E(e)SEEDi lifestyle. Another example, we can control and prevent abnormal emotion (depression and anxiety) and neurodegenerative diseases (AD and Parkinson’s disease) by changing external environment and optimizing internal environment, better sleep, more and active exercise, and specific or balancing diet. In fact, it would be a whole new kind of therapy for depression and anxiety according to the novel theory of The Book of Health in the new era. Moreover, when combining with specific vaccinations for individual prevention and screening (VIPs), such as cancer or COVID-19 vaccines, that is E(e)SEEDi + VIPs, it would be a very strong “weapon” for combating human disease. Here in this figure, IDs: infectious diseases; NCDs: non-communicable diseases.