“BRAIN-HEART-GUT” AXIS AND FUTURE CVD
As we know, some risk factors associated with unhealthy E(e)SEEDi lifestyle play a vital role in the development of fCVD. Due to the role of parental genetic disposition, epigenetic modifications, inflammatory cytokines, DNA methylation or mutation, endothelial dysfunction, arteriosclerosis, chronic fetal hypoxia (48), and gut microbiota (49), its mechanism may link to a novel theory of the “brain-heart-gut” axis (Figure 1). Since there is “prevention first, combination of prevention and treatment”, tracing the origin and elaborating the mechanism of fCVD is very valuable and meaningful. And the control and prevention of fCVD highly links to less major adverse cardio-cerebrovascular events (MACCE), healthy aging, and longevity.
Major risk factors associated with early unhealthy E(e)SEEDi lifestyle play a pivotal role in the development of fCVD by disruption of the “brain-heart-gut” axis. And early unhealthy E(e)SEEDi lifestyle is like a “Golden Hoop Curse”, it may restrict and control one’s physical and mental health. Like the “Tang Monk”, each of us should manage the “Golden Hoop Curse” with healthy E(e)SEEDi lifestyle by ourselves, make it relax and maintain the health of brain, heart, and gut, and control and prevent hypertension, ischemic heart disease or coronary artery disease (stable or unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction), arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation, premature beat or tachycardia), congenital heart disease, infectious disease due to reduction of human immunity, cardiac injury, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, type 2 diabetes, stroke, sudden cardiac death, mental disease (anxiety or depression, schizophrenia), neurodegenerative diseases (Parkinson’s disease, cognitive aging or declines, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease), and cancer.