Key message
Solid food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) often develops
5–12 months after birth and may be misdiagnosed as various infectious
diseases that are common during that period. So far, there have been no
biomarkers for FPIES, although this study shows a clear increase in
certain serologic markers, particularly thymus and activation-regulated
chemokine (TARC) levels, especially 24 h post-ingestion of antigen. This
indicates that TARC levels may be of use for the diagnosis of FPIES,
although further research is still needed.
References
1. Nowak-Wegrzyn A, Berin MC, Mehr
S. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol
Pract 2020;8:24-35.
2. Nowak-Węgrzyn A, Chehade M,
Groetch ME, et al. International consensus guidelines for the diagnosis
and management of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: Executive
summary-Workgroup Report of the Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee,
American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. J Allergy Clin
Immunol 2017;139:1111-1126.e4.
3. Knipping K, Knippels LM, Dupont C, Garssen J. Serum biomarkers for
allergy in children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2017;28:114-123.
4. Fujisawa T, Nagao M, Hiraguchi
Y, et al. Serum measurement of thymus and activation-regulated
chemokine/CCL17 in children with atopic dermatitis: elevated normal
levels in infancy and age-specific analysis in atopic
dermatitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2009;20:633-641.
5. Lee E, Barnes EH, Mehr S, Campbell DE. Differentiating acute food
protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome from its mimics: a comparison of
clinical features and routine laboratory biomarkers. J Allergy Clin
Immunol Pract 2019;7:471-478.e3.
6. Makita E, Kuroda S, Sato H, et al. Comparison of methemoglobin levels
in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome and other
gastrointestinal diseases in neonates. Allergol Immunopathol
2020;48:490-495.
7. Furue M, Matsumoto T, Yamamoto T, et al. Correlation between serum
thymus and activation-regulated chemokine levels and stratum corneum
barrier function in healthy individuals and patients with mild atopic
dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 2012;66:60-63.
8. Hijnen D, De Bruin-Weller M, Oosting B, et al. Serum thymus and
activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and cutaneous T cell- attracting
chemokine (CTACK) levels in allergic diseases: TARC and CTACK are
disease-specific markers for atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin
Immunol 2004;113:334-340
9. Makita E, Kuroda S, Itabashi K, Sugawara D, Ichihashi K. Evaluation
of the diagnostic accuracy of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine
to discriminate food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome from
infectious gastroenteritis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2020;182:229-233.
Table 1. Details of FPIES episodes