References
1. CDC. Overview of Influenza Surveillance in the United States Atlanta,
GA: CDC; 2016 [cited 2016 May 26]. Available from:
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/overview.htm.
2. Simonsen L, Gog JR, Olson D, Viboud C. Infectious Disease
Surveillance in the Big Data Era: Towards Faster and Locally Relevant
Systems. J Infect Dis. 2016;214(suppl_4):S380-s5.
3. Worby CJ, Chaves SS, Wallinga J, Lipsitch M, Finelli L, Goldstein E.
On the relative role of different age groups in influenza epidemics.
Epidemics. 2015;13:10-6.
4. Monto AS, Sullivan KM. Acute respiratory illness in the community.
Frequency of illness and the agents involved. Epidemiol Infect.
1993;110(1):145-60.
5. Sasaki A, Hoen AG, Ozonoff A, Suzuki H, Tanabe N, Seki N, et al.
Evidence-based tool for triggering school closures during influenza
outbreaks, Japan. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15(11):1841-3.
6. Egger JR, Hoen AG, Brownstein JS, Buckeridge DL, Olson DR, Konty KJ.
Usefulness of school absenteeism data for predicting influenza
outbreaks, United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18(8):1375-7.
7. Tan L, Cheng L, Yan W, Zhang J, Xu B, Diwan VK, et al. Using daily
syndrome-specific absence data for early detection of school outbreaks:
a pilot study in rural China. Public Health. 2014;128(9):792-8.
8. Cheng CK, Cowling BJ, Lau EH, Ho LM, Leung GM, Ip DK. Electronic
school absenteeism monitoring and influenza surveillance, Hong Kong.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18(5):885-7.
9. Besculides M, Heffernan R, Mostashari F, Weiss D. Evaluation of
school absenteeism data for early outbreak detection, New York City. BMC
Public Health. 2005;5:105.
10. Olson DR, Konty KJ, Paladini M, Viboud C, Simonsen L. Reassessing
Google Flu Trends data for detection of seasonal and pandemic influenza:
a comparative epidemiological study at three geographic scales. PLoS
Comput Biol. 2013;9(10):e1003256.
11. Stebbins S, Cummings DA, Stark JH, Vukotich C, Mitruka K, Thompson
W, et al. Reduction in the incidence of influenza A but not influenza B
associated with use of hand sanitizer and cough hygiene in schools: a
randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011;30(11):921-6.
12. (NCEI) NCfEI. Climate Data Online 2016 [cited 2016 May 25].
Available from: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/.
13. Shaman J, Pitzer VE, Viboud C, Grenfell BT, Lipsitch M. Absolute
humidity and the seasonal onset of influenza in the continental United
States. PLoS Biol. 2010;8(2):e1000316.
14. Lowen AC, Mubareka S, Steel J, Palese P. Influenza virus
transmission is dependent on relative humidity and temperature. PLoS
Pathog. 2007;3(10):1470-6.
15. Census U. Quickfacts: Allegheny Country, Pennsylvania 2016
[Available from:
http://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045215/42003.
16. CDC. Influenza (Flu): CDC; 2013 [cited 2016 May 26]. Available
from: http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/season/flu-season.htm.
17. Wood S. Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction with R (2nd
ed.). : CRC Press; 2006.
18. Reich NG, Lessler J, Sakrejda K, Lauer SA, Iamsirithaworn S,
Cummings DA. Case study in evaluating time series prediction models
using the relative mean absolute error. Am Stat. 2016;70(3):285-92.
19. Update: Influenza activity–United States and worldwide, 2006-07
season, and composition of the 2007-08 influenza vaccine. MMWR Morb
Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;56(31):789-94.
20. Update: influenza activity - United States, 2011-12 season and
composition of the 2012-13 influenza vaccine. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.
2012;61(22):414-20.
21. Influenza activity–United States, 2012-13 season and composition
of the 2013-14 influenza vaccine. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.
2013;62(23):473-9.
22. Appiah GD, Blanton L, D’Mello T, Kniss K, Smith S, Mustaquim D, et
al. Influenza activity - United States, 2014-15 season and composition
of the 2015-16 influenza vaccine. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.
2015;64(21):583-90.
23. Davlin SL, Blanton L, Kniss K, Mustaquim D, Smith S, Kramer N, et
al. Influenza Activity - United States, 2015-16 Season and Composition
of the 2016-17 Influenza Vaccine. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.
2016;65(22):567-75.
24. Epperson S, Blanton L, Kniss K, Mustaquim D, Steffens C, Wallis T,
et al. Influenza activity - United States, 2013-14 season and
composition of the 2014-15 influenza vaccines. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly
Rep. 2014;63(22):483-90.
25. Medina RA, García-Sastre A. Influenza A viruses: new research
developments. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011;9(8):590-603.
26. Hayward AC, Fragaszy EB, Bermingham A, Wang L, Copas A, Edmunds WJ,
et al. Comparative community burden and severity of seasonal and
pandemic influenza: results of the Flu Watch cohort study. Lancet Respir
Med. 2014;2(6):445-54.
27. Kjos SA, Irving SA, Meece JK, Belongia EA. Elementary school-based
influenza vaccination: evaluating impact on respiratory illness
absenteeism and laboratory-confirmed influenza. PLoS One.
2013;8(8):e72243.
28. CDC. Epidemic Prediction Initiative 2018 [cited 2018 Jan 24].
Available from:
https://predict.phiresearchlab.org/post/595d3c4545e6b6190e8f183c.
29. Biggerstaff M, Alper D, Dredze M, Fox S, Fung IC, Hickmann KS, et
al. Results from the centers for disease control and prevention’s
predict the 2013-2014 Influenza Season Challenge. BMC Infect Dis.
2016;16:357.
30. Brooks LC, Farrow DC, Hyun S, Tibshirani RJ, Rosenfeld R. Flexible
Modeling of Epidemics with an Empirical Bayes Framework. PLoS Comput
Biol. 2015;11(8):e1004382.