AR with grass mono-sensitization and conjunctivitis (70.8 %) | AR with pet and grass polysensitization and conjunctivitis (6.9 %) | AR with house dust mite sensitization and asthma (14.7 %) | AR among children with tonsils and adenoids removed (7.6%) |
p*
|
|
N | 361 | 35 | 75 | 39 | |
Age (y) | 10.5 ± 3.1 | 11.2 ± 2.9 | 10.2 ± 2.9 | 11.1 ± 3.2 | .31 |
Sex (male) | 66.8 | 82.9 | 72.0 | 71.8 | .22 |
Age at AR symptoms start (y) | 7.0 ± 3.1 | 6.8 ± 2.7 | 6.8 ± 3.2 | 7.2 ± 3.4 | .89 |
Temporal pattern | <.001 | ||||
-Seasonal | 85.0 | 65.7 | 48.0 | 71.8 | |
-Perennial | 15.0 | 34.3 | 52.0 | 28.2 | |
Duration | <.001 | ||||
- Intermittent | 30.8 | 40.0 | 60.0 | 25.6 | |
- Persistent | 69.2 | 60.0 | 40.0 | 74.4 | |
Severity | 0.04 | ||||
- Mild | 37.6 | 42.9 | 53.3 | 43.6 | |
- Moderate/severe | 62.4 | 57.1 | 46.7 | 56.4 | |
Environmental characteristics | |||||
- Pet exposure | 10.4 | 14.3 | 18.9 | 8.1 | 0.21 |
- ETS exposure | 38.5 | 55.9 | 35.1 | 48.6 | 0.12 |
Family history of allergic disease | |||||
- Maternal asthma | 10.3 | 2.9 | 8.0 | 15.4 | .23 |
- Paternal asthma | 5.3 | 2.9 | 6.7 | 2.6 | .83 |
- Maternal allergic rhinitis | 29.4 | 14.3 | 17.3 | 10.3 | .005 |
- Paternal allergic rhinitis | 18.1 | 14.3 | 16.0 | 20.5 | .88 |
Co-morbid conditions | |||||
- Asthma | 36.0 | 37.1 | 60.0 | 43.6 | .002 |
- Allergic conjunctivitis | 83.7 | 85.7 | 41.3 | 69.2 | <.001 |
- Atopic dermatitis | 11.9 | 5.7 | 14.7 | 10.3 | .59 |
- Tonsillectomy | 0 | 11.4 | 1.3 | 100 | <.001 |
- Adenoidectomy | 7.2 | 11.4 | 5.3 | 100 | <.001 |
- Tonsillectomy & Adenoidectomy | 0 | 5.2 | 0 | 100 | <.001 |
Sensitization | |||||
- Grass pollens | 100.0 | 85.7 | 25.3 | 82.1 | <.001 |
- Tree pollens | 9.7 | 8.6 | 2.7 | 7.7 | .26 |
- Weed pollens | 6.6 | 11.4 | 0.0 | 7.7 | .07 |
- House dust mites | 8.3 | 22.9 | 82.7 | 20.5 | <.001 |
- Cat | 8.0 | 100.0 | 16.0 | 5.1 | <.001 |
- Dog | 1.7 | 100.0 | 1.3 | 2.6 | <.001 |
- Molds | 4.2 | 20.0 | 17.3 | 17.9 | <.001 |
Monosensitization | 67.3 | 0.0 | 65.3 | 66.7 | <.001 |
Total IgE (kU/L) | 91 (35-196) | 118 (59-203) | 85 (31-184) | 58 (27-160) | .39 |
Blood eosinophils (%) | 4.3 (2.7-7.6) | 4.2 (2.5-6.2) | 4.1 (2.7-6.2) | 4.3 (2.3-5.7) | .77 |
Blood eosinophils (/mm3) | 290 (180-540) | 300 (190-380) | 300 (185-465) | 255 (163-390) | .71 |
FEV1 % predicted | 97 ± 15 | 99 ± 14 | 93 ± 14 | 100 ± 15 | .08 |
FVC % predicted | 94 ± 13 | 95 ± 11 | 93 ± 12 | 98 ± 13 | .24 |
FEV1/FVC % | 90 ± 7 | 89 ± 6 | 89 ± 7 | 89 ± 8 | .48 |
PEF % predicted | 90 ± 17 | 90 ± 15 | 88 ± 17 | 91 ± 23 | .72 |
FEF25-75 % predicted | 95 ± 25 | 95 ± 24 | 89 ± 23 | 96 ± 27 | .38 |
Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *p-values are computed using chi-square test for categorical variables and one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables. | Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *p-values are computed using chi-square test for categorical variables and one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables. | Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *p-values are computed using chi-square test for categorical variables and one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables. | Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *p-values are computed using chi-square test for categorical variables and one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables. | Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *p-values are computed using chi-square test for categorical variables and one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables. | Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *p-values are computed using chi-square test for categorical variables and one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables. |