Study Population (n=510) | Children with asthma (n=205) | Children without asthma (n=305) |
p*
|
|
Age (y) | 10.5 ± 3.1 | 9.8 ± 2.9 | 11.0 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 |
Sex (male) | 69.0 | 72.2 | 66.9 | .20 |
Age at AR symptoms start (y) | 7.0 ± 3.1 | 6.2 ± 2.9 | 7.4 ± 3.2 | < 0.001 |
Temporal pattern - Seasonal - Perennial | 77.2 22.8 | 74.6 25.4 | 79.0 21.0 |
.25
|
Duration - Intermittent - Persistent | 35.3 64.7 | 47.5 52.5 | 27.1 72.9 |
<0.001
|
Severity - Mild - Moderate/severe | 40.9 59.1 | 52.0 48.0 | 33.1 66.9 |
< 0.001
|
Environmental characteristics - Pet exposure - ETS exposure | 11.7 39.9 | 10.3 42.9 | 12.7 37.9 | .41 .27 |
Family history of allergic disease | ||||
- Maternal asthma | 9.8 | 12.3 | 8.2 | .13 |
- Paternal asthma | 5.1 | 6.4 | 4.3 | .29 |
- Maternal allergic rhinitis | 25.1 | 23.5 | 26.2 | .49 |
- Paternal allergic rhinitis | 17.7 | 16.7 | 18.4 | .62 |
Co-morbid conditions - Allergic conjunctivitis - Atopic dermatitis - Tonsillectomy - Adenoidectomy - Tonsillectomy & Adenoidectomy | 76.5 11.8 8.6 14.1 7.8 | 70.7 14.1 8.8 14.1 7.8 | 80.3 10.2 8.5 14.1 7.9 | .012 .17 .92 .98 .98 |
Sensitization - Grass pollens - Tree pollens - Weed pollens - House dust mites - Cat - Dog - Molds Monosensitization | 86.7 8.4 6.1 21.1 15.3 8.4 2.9 62.4 | 81.5 8.3 3.9 26.8 16.1 8.8 13,2 58.5 | 90.2 8.5 7.5 17.4 14.8 8.2 4.9 64.9 | .005 .93 .09 .01 .68 .82 .001 .15 |
Total IgE (kU/L) | 92 (34-183) | 88 (37-202) | 96 (34-170) | .70 |
Blood eosinophils (%) | 4.3 (2.7-7-0) | 4.0 (2.3-7.4) | 4.5 (2.8-6.9) | .12 |
Blood eosinophils (/mm3) | 290 (180-497) | 295 (173-518) | 290 (190-485) | .86 |
FEV1 % predicted | 97 ± 15 | 87 ± 13 | 104 ± 11 | < 0.001 |
FVC % predicted | 94 ± 13 | 89 ± 14 | 98 ± 11 | < 0.001 |
FEV1/FVC % | 90 ± 7 | 87 ± 8 | 91 ± 6 | < 0.001 |
PEF % predicted | 90 ± 17 | 82 ± 16 | 95 ± 16 | < 0.001 |
FEF25-75 % predicted | 94 ± 21 | 77 ± 19 | 108 ± 20 | < 0.001 |
ETS = Environmental tobacco smoke. Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *: The p value denoted the difference between children with and without asthma | ETS = Environmental tobacco smoke. Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *: The p value denoted the difference between children with and without asthma | ETS = Environmental tobacco smoke. Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *: The p value denoted the difference between children with and without asthma | ETS = Environmental tobacco smoke. Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *: The p value denoted the difference between children with and without asthma | ETS = Environmental tobacco smoke. Continuous variables are given as mean and standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and binary variables are given as frequency (%). *: The p value denoted the difference between children with and without asthma |