Abbreviation
ACh, Acetylcholine; AChE, Acetylcholinesterase; AD, Alzheimer’s disease;
Akt, Protein-serine-threonine kinase; ALI, Acute lung injury; CAP,
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway; ChAT, Choline acetyltransferase;
CHM, Chinese herbal medicine; COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019; FLS,
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes; HMGB1, High mobility group box 1; IC50,
Half-maximal inhibitory concentration; IKKβ, Inhibitor of nuclear factor
kappa-B kinase; IL-1β, Interleukin-1β; IL-6, Interleukin-6; JAK2, Janus
kinase 2; LPS, Lipopolysaccharide; mAChR, Muscarinic acetylcholine
receptor; MAPK, Mitogen-activated protein kinase; NE, Norepinephrine;
NF-κB, Nuclear factor kappa-B; NTS, Nucleus tractus solitarius; PI3K,
Phosphatidylinositol-3- kinase; POI, Postoperative ileus; RA, Rheumatoid
arthritis; SOCS3, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3; STAT3, Signal
transducer and activator of transcription 3; T2DM, Type 2 diabetes; TBI,
Traumatic brain injury; TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4; TNF-α, Tumor
necrosis factor-α; vAChT, Vesicle acetylcholine transporter; VD,
Vascular dementia; α7nAChR, Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7.