Conclusion
The global pandemic of novel coronavirus has attracted much research
attention into the pathogenesis mechanism, immune mechanism, and
treatment strategies. Currently, there is current no definite and
specific drug for prevention or treatment of COVID-19. Patients are
often treated with the reported medicines showing efficacy against
SARS-CoV from historical experience. Such drugs include, CQ, HCQ,
ribavirin, remdesivir and Lopinavir/ritonavir. In 17, June, the latest
reports indicate that the branch clinical trials on HCQ have been
discontinued due to lack of efficacy in reducing fatality rate of
patients with COVID-19. In addition to drug therapy, immunotherapy has
also been developed. For instance, interferon therapy, neutralizing
antibody therapy and convalescent plasma therapy have been studied, but
their efficacy and safety should be investigated in detail. In addition,
severe patients with COVID-19 show elevated secretion of cytokines
caused by excessive immune response. In cases where immune
overexpression causes death of novel coronavirus, effective control of
cytokine may decrease the mortality rate of COVID-19. The production of
cytokine can be achieved using the following main inhibitors: IL-6
inhibitors, IL-1 inhibitors, GM-CSF inhibitors and JAK inhibitors. For
the suppression of excessive immune response, there may not be a single
specific medicine, while combination therapy of inhibitors can lower the
cytokine storm curve. In conclusion, COVID-19 can be controlled by
reducing the spread range of novel coronavirus by isolating.
Furthermore, specific medicine, immunotherapy and preventive or
therapeutic vaccines can be developed via further studies of
pathogenesis and immune mechanism.
Last, we would like to thank all the medical staff who fought against
the SARS-CoV-2, and thank all research teams working on SARS-CoV-2 for
their outstanding contribution. The world will eventually defeat the
virus.