Study Setting, sample Adherence measure Outcome
Chalachew[29] Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Children and young adults (11 to 25 years) with prosthetic valves on anticoagulation at a teaching hospital Not reported 30/73 (41%) reported perfect adherence, 34/73 (47%) missed 1 to 2 doses per week. 9/73 (12%) missed >2 doses per week. Most common reasons were forgetfulness (30%) and unavailability of warfarin (23%). Association between adherence and INR control not reported.
Mariita[113] Nairobi, Kenya, 2015. Consecutive sample at cardiac, cardiothoracic, and hemato-oncology clinics of a teaching hospital Eight-item Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8)[115]. High adherence if score = 8, moderate adherence if score 6 or 7, low adherence if score <5. 77/147 (52%) high adherence, 53/147 (36%) moderate adherence, 17/147 (12%) low adherence. Association between adherence and INR control not reported.
Iqbal[116] Nairobi, Kenya, 2017. Convenience sample at cardiac, cardiothoracic, hemato-oncology, and DVT clinics of a teaching hospital MMAS-8[115]. High adherence if score = 8, moderate adherence if score 6 or 7, low adherence if score <5. 13/45 (29%) high adherence, 32/45 (71%) low adherence. Association between adherence and INR control not reported.
Eltayeb[117] Khartoum, Sudan, 2017. Convenience sample at cardiothoracic clinic of a teaching hospital Four-item MMAS[118]. Considered adherent if score = 0, non-adherent if score > 0 5/93 (5.4%) adherent. Association between adherence and INR control not reported.