miRNA Function or findings References
Human data
miR-183 miR-324 miR-132
In controlled exposures in atopic subjects (exposure chamber) , the miRNA expression was modulated by allergen exposure, but not additionally by diesel exposure
92
miR-21 (up) miR-30e (up) miR-215 (up) miR-144 (up) In controlled exposures in asthma patients (exposure chamber), diesel exposure was associated with increased expression of miR-21, miR-30e, miR-215 and miR-144. miR-144 and miR-21 associated with systemic oxidative stress markers and negative correlation between miR-144 and antioxidant genes
93
miR-199a1 (down) miR-199a controls AXL (receptor kinase of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK) family. Maternal smoking is associated with increased methylation of AXL and with reduced expression of miR-199a. Combination of material smoking and increased AXL methylation alters the risk of childhood bronchitis symptoms. 95.
miR-223 (up) Prenatal tobacco exposure is associated with high miR-223 expression in cord and maternal blood with low Treg numbers 96
Murine data
miR-221 (up) miR-16 (up) miR-130 (down)
In a model cigarette-aggravated allergic asthma (in utero side stream cigarette smoke, followed by Aspergillus fumigatus exposure), the altered miRNAs are associated with apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis pathways
98
miR-155 (up) miR-21 (up) miR-18 (up)
In a model cigarette-aggravated allergic asthma (in utero side stream cigarette smoke, followed by Aspergillus fumigatus exposure), these miRNAs are positively associated with Type2 cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
99