Fig. 14 Comparison of single phase (water and hydrocarbon) velocities between HH and PH nanopores of different widths. The self-generated electric field in PH pores and the imposed acceleration dictate fluid transport in the center of the pore. For the same acceleration, the fluid velocity profile is flat in PH pores and parabolic in HH pores.
Fig. 15 shows the distribution of water in 5 nm PH and HH pores. Hydrocarbon is not shown for clarity. During transport, a water bridge persists in PH pores as shown in Fig.15a. This is because of the stronger electric field. Fig.12 also confirm the persistence of water bridges in PH pores irrespective of pore size. However, the water bridge of the HH nanopore breaks down as shown in Fig.15b. We can infer that the strength of the hydrogen bond in the water bridge in the HH nanopore is weaker compared to the forces holding the water bridge intact in the PH nanopores.